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Related Concept Videos

Parental Care00:55

Parental Care

Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
The Mammary Glands01:12

The Mammary Glands

The female breast is a hemispheric projection of variable size positioned anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. A fascia layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue connects it to these muscles.
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...
Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...

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A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect
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Published on: September 22, 2023

Breastfeeding.

N B Mathur1, Dhulika Dhingra

  • 1Referral Neonatal Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, 110002, India, drnbmathur@gmail.com.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|August 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Breastfeeding offers significant health benefits for infants and mothers. This paper addresses low exclusive breastfeeding rates and common challenges, emphasizing healthcare professionals

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Maternal Health

Background:

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life.
  • Breastfeeding is a critical intervention for reducing infant mortality, especially in low-income nations.
  • Despite established benefits, exclusive breastfeeding rates remain low in many regions.

Discussion:

  • Healthcare professionals must identify and manage breastfeeding challenges to support mothers.
  • The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) promotes practices that enhance breastfeeding success.
  • Common clinical issues encountered during breastfeeding require appropriate management strategies.

Key Insights:

  • Low rates of exclusive breastfeeding necessitate targeted interventions.
  • Effective management of breastfeeding problems is crucial for infant and maternal well-being.
  • Adherence to WHO and BFHI guidelines can improve breastfeeding outcomes.

Outlook:

  • Future efforts should focus on improving breastfeeding support systems.
  • Continued research into effective breastfeeding interventions is warranted.
  • Promoting optimal breastfeeding practices is essential for public health goals.