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Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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The olfactory...
Nervous Tissue: Myelin01:25

Nervous Tissue: Myelin

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
12:23

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Published on: April 14, 2014

Olfactory system and demyelination.

D Garcia-Gonzalez1, V Murcia-Belmonte, D Clemente

  • 1Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo-GNDe, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos-SESCAM, Toledo, Spain.

Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
|August 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Demyelination may cause olfactory dysfunction in Kallmann syndrome, impacting both smell and neurological symptoms. This review explores the link between myelin alterations and olfactory system malfunction.

Keywords:
FGF2FGFR1Kallmann Syndromeanosmin-1lateral olfactory tractmultiple sclerosismyelinolfactory bulbsubventricular zone

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Published on: October 30, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurobiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The olfactory system exhibits sustained neurogenesis and axonal plasticity.
  • Olfactory bulb projections involve myelinated axons, unlike the olfactory nerve.
  • Demyelination is often overlooked as a cause of olfactory deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To hypothesize how myelination alterations explain neurological symptoms in Kallmann syndrome.
  • To re-examine the relationship between the olfactory system and myelin.
  • To highlight minor histological changes as potential causes of olfactory malfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Kallmann syndrome, anosmin-1, and demyelination.
  • Analysis of the role of myelin in olfactory system function.
  • Hypothetical model linking myelination defects to Kallmann syndrome symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Kallmann syndrome involves mutations affecting anosmin-1, crucial for axonal guidance.
  • Myelinated projections from the olfactory bulb are susceptible to demyelination.
  • Altered myelination is proposed as a unifying mechanism for Kallmann syndrome's diverse symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Myelination defects offer a potential explanation for olfactory and neurological symptoms in Kallmann syndrome.
  • The role of myelin in the olfactory system warrants further investigation.
  • Minor histological changes in myelin should be considered in diagnosing olfactory disorders.