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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

Redundancy gains in retinotopic cortex.

Won Mok Shim¹, Yuhong V Jiang, Nancy Kanwisher

¹Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire;

Journal of Neurophysiology

|August 2, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Visual stimuli interactions can enhance responses, not just suppress them. Identical stimuli presented separately increase visual response, a phenomenon termed "redundancy gain," observed across visual areas.

Keywords:

early retinotopic cortex ensemble coding long-range interaction redundancy gain

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Visual Perception
Computational Neuroscience

Background:

Simultaneous visual stimuli interactions are often considered suppressive.
These suppressive interactions typically occur when stimuli share the same receptive field.
Existing models do not fully explain interactions between distant stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate novel interactions between simultaneously presented, distant visual stimuli.
To characterize the effect of identical versus different co-presented stimuli on neural responses.
To determine if these interactions differ from established simultaneous suppression effects.

Main Methods:

Measuring neural responses to a single stimulus under varying conditions of simultaneous stimulus presentation.
Comparing responses when co-presented stimuli are identical versus different.
Analyzing responses across different levels of the visual hierarchy (V1, V2).

Main Results:

A novel phenomenon termed "redundancy gain" was discovered.
Redundancy gain shows an increased visual response to a stimulus when accompanied by identical stimuli in separate visual quadrants.
This effect was observed in early retinotopic cortex (V1, V2) and is distinct from simultaneous suppression.

Conclusions:

Redundancy gain represents a previously unrecognized form of visual stimulus interaction.
This gain may result from feedback mechanisms from higher visual areas.
Redundancy gain could contribute to perceptual averaging and ensemble coding phenomena.