Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...

Teratogenicity

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...

Jaundice

Jaundice

Jaundice, or icterus, is the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclerae, and mucous membranes. It happens when plasma bilirubin levels rise above 2.5-3 mg/dL, leading to bilirubin deposition in tissue.Bilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin degradation. In macrophages, hemoglobin breaks down into globin and heme. Globin is converted into amino acids, while heme is turned into biliverdin by heme oxygenase, which is then reduced to unconjugated bilirubin by biliverdin reductase.Unconjugated...

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Multimarker Approach for Early Prediction of Preeclampsia Using Uterine Artery Doppler Pulsatility Index, Hemodynamic, and Biochemical Parameters: A Prospective Observational Study.

Cureus·2026

Same author

Efficacy and Safety of Elagolix Versus Dienogest for Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Endometriosis Pain: A Phase III, Multicentric, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled, Non-Inferiority Study.

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology·2026

Same author

Impact of zervimesine on the neuroinflammatory biomarker GFAP and related proteomic molecular correlates in plasma of participants from a phase 2 clinical trial in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's research & therapy·2026

Same author

Understanding the Financial Implications of Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance in Nepal: Context-Specific Evidence for Policy and Sustainable Financing Strategies.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

A Nomogram of Fetal Nasal Bone Length at 16-24 Weeks of Gestation in North Indian Pregnant Women: A Prospective Study.

Cureus·2026

Same author

Drug Development.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

Hyperhomocysteinemia as a Risk Factor for IUGR.

Kiran Pandey¹, Preeti Dubay, Ajay Bhagoliwal

¹Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, G.S.V.M. Medical College, New Type IV/7, Kanpur, 208002 Uttar Pradesh India.

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India

|August 2, 2013

Summary

High homocysteine levels (hyperhomocysteinemia) are linked to intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Treating hyperhomocysteinemia improves pregnancy outcomes, identifying it as a significant risk factor.

Keywords:

Hyperhomocysteinemia IUGR

More Related Videos

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Published on: June 29, 2013

Modeling Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage Through Intraventricular Injection of Hemoglobin

Modeling Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage Through Intraventricular Injection of Hemoglobin

Published on: August 25, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Published on: June 29, 2013

Modeling Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage Through Intraventricular Injection of Hemoglobin

Modeling Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage Through Intraventricular Injection of Hemoglobin

Published on: August 25, 2022

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is a significant concern in perinatal medicine.
The role of metabolic factors like hyperhomocysteinemia in IUGR requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between hyperhomocysteinemia and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).
To assess the impact of homocysteine-lowering treatment on pregnancy outcomes in patients with IUGR.

Main Methods:

A case-control study involving 76 patients with IUGR and 50 controls.
Measurement of fasting plasma homocysteine levels.
Statistical analysis including logistic regression; intervention with homocysteine-lowering agents for 6 weeks.

Main Results:

Hyperhomocysteinemia was detected in 57.8% of women with IUGR.
Elevated homocysteine levels showed a statistically significant odds ratio (OR) of 2.45 for IUGR.
Treatment significantly reduced plasma homocysteine levels, with a marginal change in the placebo group.

Conclusions:

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a significant risk factor associated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).
Identification and correction of hyperhomocysteinemia can favorably impact pregnancy outcomes in IUGR cases.