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Are two-centimeter breast cancers large or small?

S A Narod1, J Iqbal, A Jakubowska

  • 1Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.

Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|August 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Breast cancer prognosis for 2 cm tumors changes over time. Initially similar to larger cancers, survival improves to resemble smaller tumors by 10 years.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research
  • Clinical Epidemiology

Background:

  • Node-negative breast cancers are staged based on size: Stage I (<2 cm) and Stage II (2-5 cm).
  • The prognostic implications of a 2.0 cm breast tumor remain unclear, potentially bridging Stage I and Stage II classifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the prognosis of young women with a 2.0 cm breast cancer aligns more closely with Stage I or Stage II disease.
  • To analyze the 10-year breast cancer mortality rates in relation to tumor size, specifically focusing on the 2.0 cm threshold.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 4265 young women diagnosed with breast cancer was analyzed.
  • 10-year breast cancer mortality rates were compared for three tumor size groups: 0.1-1.9 cm, exactly 2.0 cm, and 2.1-2.9 cm.
Keywords:
Breast cancerstagesurvival

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Main Results:

  • In the initial 3 years post-diagnosis, survival for 2.0 cm tumors closely mirrored that of larger tumors (2.1-3.0 cm).
  • Between years 3 and 10, survival for 2.0 cm tumors improved, becoming nearly identical to that of smaller tumors (<2.0 cm).
  • The 10-year survival rates were 89.3% (tumors <20 mm), 86.1% (tumors =20 mm), and 81.2% (tumors 21-29 mm).

Conclusions:

  • For young women with small breast cancers, relative mortality is dynamic.
  • Tumor size significantly impacts breast cancer prognosis, with a notable shift in survival patterns over time.
  • A 2.0 cm tumor's prognosis evolves, initially resembling larger cancers and later aligning with smaller ones.