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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Tear-Derived Exosomal miR-15a as New Diagnostic Tool for Diabetic Retinopathy
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Lipid peroxidation is increased in tears from the elderly.

Soledad Benlloch-Navarro1, Ilenia Franco, Violeta Sánchez-Vallejo

  • 1Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Avda. Seminario s/n, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain.

Experimental Eye Research
|August 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Tear malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation, increases with age. This study measured MDA and protein levels in tears from young and elderly adults, finding significant age-related differences.

Keywords:
agelipid peroxidationmalondialdehydeproteinstears

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biochemistry
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Human tear protein concentration data varies widely.
  • Dry eye symptoms are common in individuals over 65 and linked to oxidative stress.
  • Lipid peroxidation is implicated in oxidative stress-related diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a procedure for measuring tear malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation marker, using Schirmer strips.
  • To compare protein and MDA levels in tears from young adults (18-30) and elderly adults (65-85).
  • To investigate age-related changes in tear composition and oxidative stress markers.

Main Methods:

  • Tears were collected using Schirmer strips.
  • Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
  • Total protein concentration in tears was determined.

Main Results:

  • A significant difference in tear protein concentration was observed between younger and older adults.
  • For the first time, an age-dependent increase in tear MDA concentration was reported.
  • Elderly adults (65-85) showed higher MDA levels in their tears compared to younger adults (18-30).

Conclusions:

  • Tear MDA concentration increases with age, suggesting potential lipid peroxidation in the tear film.
  • Age-related alterations in the tear lipid layer may contribute to increased lipid peroxidation.
  • Further research is needed to understand tear film dynamics and develop new diagnostic methods for tear analysis in disease states, including comparing MDA levels in controls versus those with meibomian gland dysfunction.