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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
Cancer02:18

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Cytotoxic Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro
08:04

Cytotoxic Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro

Published on: March 18, 2014

Sarcoma chemotherapy.

Brian E Walczak1, Ronald B Irwin

  • 1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
|August 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemotherapy is crucial in treating bone and soft tissue sarcomas, improving patient survival rates. Treatment effectiveness in sarcoma is linked to the degree of tumor necrosis achieved.

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Published on: February 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Oncology
  • Medical Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Sarcomas are rare, diverse malignant tumors affecting bone and soft tissues.
  • Chemotherapy, initially for microbes, is now vital in orthopaedic oncology for improving survival.
  • Common chemotherapy agents include anthracyclines, alkylating agents, antimetabolites, and vinca alkaloids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role and agents of chemotherapy in orthopaedic oncology.
  • To highlight the correlation between chemotherapy effectiveness and tumor necrosis in sarcomas.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current chemotherapy agents used in sarcoma treatment.
  • Discussion of common chemotherapy regimens and their side effects.
  • Analysis of the relationship between treatment response and tumor necrosis.

Main Results:

  • Chemotherapy regimens for sarcomas involve combinations of drugs like doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate, etoposide, vincristine, and actinomycin D.
  • Side effects of chemotherapy are frequent and can vary in severity.
  • Chemotherapy efficacy is associated with the extent of tumor necrosis observed.

Conclusions:

  • Chemotherapy is a primary driver of improved survivorship in sarcoma patients.
  • Monitoring tumor necrosis is essential for evaluating chemotherapy effectiveness in sarcoma management.