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Related Concept Videos

Ethical Dilemmas II01:30

Ethical Dilemmas II

Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
Deindividuation00:57

Deindividuation

Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
Obedience01:08

Obedience

According to obedience research, we may harm others under the forceful pressures of an authority figure (Milgram, 1974). How about if the inappropriate orders were delivered with less force? The increasing interdependence between nurses and physicians compelled Hofling and his colleagues to explore nurses’ reactions to a potentially harmful medical request made by the perceived authority figure, the doctor (Hofling, Brotzman, Dalrymple, Graves, & Pierce, 1966). In this situation, obedience...
Groupthink01:34

Groupthink

When in group settings, we are often influenced by the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors around us. Groupthink is another phenomenon of conformity where modification of the opinions of members in a group aligns with what they believe is the group consensus (Janis, 1972). In such situations, the group often takes action that individuals would not perform outside the group setting because groups make more extreme decisions than individuals do. Moreover, groupthink can hinder opposing trains of...
Bystander Effect02:09

Bystander Effect

The discussion of bullying highlights the problem of witnesses not intervening to help a victim. This is a common occurrence, as the following well-publicized event demonstrates. In 1964, in Queens, New York, a 19-year-old woman named Kitty Genovese was attacked by a person with a knife near the back entrance to her apartment building and again in the hallway inside her apartment building. When the attack occurred, she screamed for help numerous times and eventually died from her stab wounds.
Social Loafing01:37

Social Loafing

Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated, individuals become less...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity
06:11

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Published on: September 26, 2025

Delegation and beyond: what happens when things go wrong?

Mark Solon

    The Practising Midwife
    |August 6, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Midwives and maternity support workers need clarity on task delegation liability. Proper understanding of roles and NHS vicarious liability protect midwives from legal claims, while clinical negligence training enhances safety.

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    Published on: May 20, 2018

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Law
    • Healthcare Professional Liability
    • Patient Safety

    Background:

    • Confusion exists regarding liability when tasks are delegated between midwives and maternity support workers.
    • Understanding professional roles and delegation boundaries is crucial for mitigating risks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To clarify liability issues in delegated healthcare tasks within maternity care.
    • To highlight the protective measures available to midwives.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of legal precedents and professional guidelines concerning delegation in healthcare.
    • Review of clinical negligence training frameworks.

    Main Results:

    • Midwives are protected when tasks are delegated appropriately, with clear understanding of roles.
    • The National Health Service (NHS) body typically holds vicarious liability for claims arising from delegated tasks.
    • Clinical negligence training addresses risks, responsibilities, and safeguards against criminal liability.

    Conclusions:

    • Clear delegation protocols and role understanding enhance midwife protection.
    • NHS vicarious liability offers a layer of protection for midwives.
    • Comprehensive training is essential for preventing both civil and criminal liability.