[Multiple myeloma]

Multiple myeloma is one of the most common hematological malignancies with increasing prevalence. Not until the introduction of 1 or 2 cycles of highdose therapy with the support of hematopoietic cells meant a certain progress in the prognosis of patients. The radical change in the therapy efficiency was not made possible until the so-called new or targeting drugs -  thalidomide, bortezomib and lenalidomide. The 2 latter preparations have particularly changed the approach to the disease itself from one of the least prognostically favourable hematological tumours to a longterm controllable malignancy with a potential to treat at least some of the patients. Currently, 3 ways of further progress towards more efficient treatment methods are under investigation: a) maintenance or consolidation treatment aimed at further intensification of therapeutic response, b) combination of targeting drugs and c) efficiency of the "second generation" targeting drugs.