Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 9, 2026
08:58
Atomic Force Microscopy Cantilever-Based Nanoindentation: Mechanical Property Measurements at the Nanoscale in Air and Fluid
Published on: December 2, 2022
Friction between a viscoelastic body and a rigid surface with random self-affine roughness.
Physical Review Letters
|August 6, 2013
Summary
This study models friction between an elastomer and a rough surface, revealing a velocity-dependent frictional force. The findings offer a new analytical friction model applicable across various loading conditions.
Area of Science:
- Tribology
- Materials Science
- Fracture Mechanics
Background:
- Friction is a critical phenomenon in mechanical systems.
- Understanding friction in elastomers with rough surfaces is complex.
- Existing models often lack comprehensive descriptions across varying conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the friction between a one-dimensional elastomer and a randomly rough surface.
- To model the frictional force as a function of sliding velocity.
- To develop an analytical relation for the coefficient of friction.
Main Methods:
- Modeling the elastomer as a Kelvin body.
- Representing the surface as a self-affine fractal with a Hurst exponent.
- Analyzing the resulting frictional force across different velocity regimes.
Main Results:
- Frictional force exhibits a characteristic velocity dependence: linear increase, plateau, then drop.
- The coefficient of friction on the plateau shows weak dependence on normal force.
- At lower velocities, friction depends on dimensionless combinations of system parameters.
Conclusions:
- The study provides a detailed understanding of friction laws in elastomer-surface interactions.
- An analytical relation is proposed for the coefficient of friction under diverse loading.
- The findings extend the 'master curve procedure' to normal force and system size dependencies.
More Related Videos
13:57Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
Published on: December 24, 2014
10:28Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids
Published on: January 3, 2014
Related Concept Videos
01:07Frictional Force
When a body is in motion, it encounters resistance because the body interacts with its surroundings. This resistance is known as friction, a common yet complex force whose behavior is still not completely understood. Friction opposes relative motion between systems in contact, but also allows us to move. Friction arises in part due to the roughness of surfaces in contact. For one object to move along a surface, it must rise to where the peaks of the surface can skip along the bottom of the...
01:27Types of Friction Problems
Friction is an essential concept in physics, engineering, and everyday life. It is the force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of such motion between two surfaces in contact. One of the most common types of friction encountered in various applications is dry friction. Dry friction problems can be broadly categorized into three types, each with unique characteristics and challenges.
The first type of dry friction problem involves situations where there is no apparent impending motion.
The first type of dry friction problem involves situations where there is no apparent impending motion.
01:30Dry Friction
Dry friction occurs between two solid surfaces in contact as they attempt to move relative to one another. In daily life, dry friction is encountered in various forms, such as when walking on the ground, sliding an object across a table, or rubbing hands together. Despite its ubiquity, the underlying mechanisms behind dry friction are not readily visible.
To illustrate this concept, imagine a wooden crate resting on a rough, non-uniform horizontal surface. When an external force is applied to...
To illustrate this concept, imagine a wooden crate resting on a rough, non-uniform horizontal surface. When an external force is applied to...
01:21Characteristics of Dry Friction
Dry friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide against each other without any lubrication or fluid present. It causes resistance when pushing objects along a surface, like a gardener pushing a wheelbarrow. The force applied to move the cart causes dry friction between the wheel and the ground.
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
01:05Static and Kinetic Frictional Force
One of the simpler characteristics of sliding friction is that it is parallel to the contact surfaces between systems, and is always in a direction that opposes the motion or attempted motion of the systems relative to each other. If two systems are in contact and moving relative to one another, then the friction between them is called kinetic friction. For example, kinetic friction slows a hockey puck sliding on ice.
However, if two systems are in contact and are stationary relative to one...
However, if two systems are in contact and are stationary relative to one...
01:17Viscosity
When water is poured into a glass, it falls freely and quickly, whereas if honey or maple syrup is poured over a pancake, it flows slowly and sticks to the surface of the container. This difference in the flow of different kinds of liquids arises due to the fluid friction between the liquid layers and the liquid and the surrounding material. This property of fluids is called fluid viscosity. In this example, water has a lower viscosity than honey and maple syrup.
The SI unit of viscosity is...
The SI unit of viscosity is...