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Nociception01:44

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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Pain01:20

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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
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Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
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Can we prevent acute pain becoming chronic?

Margarita M Puig1

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. MPuigR@parcdesalutmar.cat

Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy
|August 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Acute pain can transition to chronic pain due to various factors. This study outlines these risk factors and describes preventive measures to stop acute pain from becoming chronic.

Area of Science:

  • Pain Management
  • Clinical Research
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Acute pain is a common symptom with a defined cause and duration.
  • Chronic pain persists beyond normal healing time, significantly impacting quality of life.
  • Understanding the transition from acute to chronic pain is crucial for effective intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the key differences between acute and chronic pain.
  • To identify predisposing factors that contribute to the chronification of acute pain.
  • To describe evidence-based strategies for preventing the transition of acute to chronic pain.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on pain mechanisms.
  • Analysis of clinical data to identify risk factors for chronic pain development.

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  • Description of preventative interventions based on current scientific understanding.

    • Main Results:

    • Distinct pathophysiological and clinical differences exist between acute and chronic pain states.
    • Several factors, including psychological, biological, and social elements, increase the risk of acute pain becoming chronic.
    • Proactive management strategies can effectively mitigate the risk of pain chronification.

    Conclusions:

    • Differentiating acute and chronic pain is essential for appropriate treatment.
    • Identifying and addressing predisposing factors can prevent long-term pain conditions.
    • Implementing preventive measures is key to improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden of chronic pain.