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Electrochemical sensor for ranitidine determination based on carbon paste electrode modified with oxovanadium (IV)
Paulo A Raymundo-Pereira1, Marcos F S Teixeira, Orlando Fatibello-Filho
1Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13566-590, Brazil.
A novel carbon paste electrode modified with a vanadium complex ([VO(salen)]) offers a sensitive method for determining ranitidine. This electrochemical sensor shows promise for quality control in pharmaceutical formulations.
Area of Science:
- Electrochemistry
- Analytical Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Ranitidine analysis is crucial for pharmaceutical quality control.
- Developing sensitive and selective electrochemical sensors is an ongoing challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prepare and electrochemically characterize a carbon paste electrode modified with [VO(salen)].
- To investigate the application of this modified electrode for the sensitive determination of ranitidine.
Main Methods:
- Electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry.
- Ranitidine determination via linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) under optimized conditions.
- Optimization of electrode composition, supporting electrolyte, and scan rate.
Main Results:
- The optimal electrode composition was 20% [VO(salen)] with KCl (0.10 mol L(-1), pH 5.5) and a scan rate of 25 mV s(-1).
- A sensitive linear voltammetric response for ranitidine was achieved in the concentration range of 9.9×10(-5) to 1.0×10(-3) mol L(-1).
- A detection limit of 6.6×10(-5) mol L(-1) was obtained for ranitidine using LSV.
Conclusions:
- The [VO(salen)]-modified carbon paste electrode is a viable sensor for ranitidine determination.
- The developed method demonstrates potential for quality control and routine analysis of ranitidine in pharmaceutical products.
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