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Asthma and risk of selective IgA deficiency or common variable immunodeficiency: a population-based case-control
Sang-Hwa Urm1, Hyun Don Yun, Yilma A Fenta
1Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical College, Inje University, Busan, South Korea.
Individuals with asthma are significantly more likely to be diagnosed with selective IgA deficiency (sIgAD) or common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). This finding may explain increased bacterial infection risks in some asthma patients.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Selective IgA deficiency (sIgAD) and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) are primary immunodeficiency disorders.
- Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease.
- The relationship between asthma and sIgAD/CVID requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between a history of asthma and the subsequent diagnosis of sIgAD/CVID.
- To determine if asthma is a risk factor for developing sIgAD/CVID.
Main Methods:
- A population-based case-control study was conducted in Olmsted County, Minnesota.
- Cases met diagnostic criteria for sIgAD/CVID between 1964 and 2008.
- Asthma status was ascertained, and cases were matched with controls.
Main Results:
- A history of asthma was more prevalent in sIgAD/CVID cases (23.1%) compared to controls (10.3%) before diagnosis (OR, 2.77; P=.03).
- Overall, asthma history was more common in sIgAD/CVID cases (30.8%) than in matched controls (11.5%) (OR, 3.57; P=.01).
- The study identified 39 cases of sIgAD/CVID.
Conclusions:
- Asthmatic individuals have a higher likelihood of being diagnosed with sIgAD/CVID.
- This association may contribute to the increased risk of bacterial infections observed in some asthma patients.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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