Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 9, 2026

Inducing Post-Traumatic Epilepsy in a Mouse Model of Repetitive Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury
Published on: February 10, 2020
Fatal self administration of tramadol and propofol: a case report
Giulio Mannocchi1, Francesca Napoleoni, Simona Napoletano
1Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 336-00161 Rome, Italy. giuliomann@tin.it
Abstract:
We describe a case of unintentional intoxication due to tramadol and propofol self administration, occurred in a middle aged man, healthcare provider, deceased despite advanced medical assistance an hour later the onset of severe and increasing dyspnea. Toxicological analysis performed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in blood sample, evidenced a lethal tramadol concentration and therapeutic level of Propofol. Quantitative determination was also performed in other specimens such as bile, tissues (liver, spleen, kidney) and pubic hair, to assess chronic exposure. Toxicological results and autopsy findings, supported by clinical and hematochemical data, suggested a myocardial damage, associated with respiratory failure.
Related Concept Videos
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios
Depressants
Alcohol is a common depressant that can induce a sense of relaxation and reduced inhibition at low doses. Contrary to its occasional...
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
Analgesia and Pain Management