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Characterization of polysaccharides from Ganoderma spp. using saccharide mapping.

Ding-Tao Wu¹, Jing Xie, De-Jun Hu

¹State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao.

Carbohydrate Polymers

|August 6, 2013

Summary

Polysaccharides in Lingzhi (Ganoderma spp.) were analyzed using saccharide mapping and enzymatic digestion. This method differentiates Ganoderma species and adulterants, aiding quality control for medicinal mushrooms.

Keywords:

8-aminonaphthalene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid ANTS DMSO DP ELSD Endo-1,3-β-d-glucanase Ganoderma HPSEC HPTLC PACE Pectinase Polysaccharides RID SMC-GL SMC-GS Saccharide mapping TFA carbohydrate analysis by carbohydrate gel electrophoresis degree of polymerization dimethyl sulfoxide evaporative light scattering detector high-performance size-exclusion chromatography high-performance thin-layer chromatography refractive index detection simulative mean chromatogram of Ganoderma. lucidum simulative mean chromatogram of Ganoderma. sinense triﬂuoroacetic acid

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Pharmacognosy
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Ganoderma species, including Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense), are widely used medicinal mushrooms.
Understanding the polysaccharide structures is crucial for quality control and validating traditional uses.
Adulteration of Ganoderma products is a concern, necessitating reliable identification methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate and compare polysaccharides from different Ganoderma species and their adulterants.
To establish a method for differentiating Ganoderma species based on polysaccharide profiles.
To assess the structural similarity of polysaccharides in Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense.

Main Methods:

Saccharide mapping was employed to analyze polysaccharide composition.
Enzymatic digestion using endo-1,3-β-D-glucanase and pectinase was performed.
Polysaccharide analysis was conducted using carbohydrate gel electrophoresis.

Main Results:

Both 1,3-β-D-glucosidic and 1,4-α-D-galactosiduronic linkages were identified in Lingzhi polysaccharides.
High similarity was observed between the polysaccharide structures of Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense.
Saccharide mapping effectively differentiated various Ganoderma species and their adulterants.

Conclusions:

The study provides a method for distinguishing Ganoderma species and adulterants based on polysaccharide structural analysis.
The findings support the rational use of Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense due to their similar polysaccharide profiles.
Improved quality control of Ganoderma-derived polysaccharides is achievable through this analytical approach.