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Related Concept Videos

Yeast Signaling01:28

Yeast Signaling

Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways01:28

Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways

Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but this inhibition is released...
Glycolysis: Preparatory Phase01:21

Glycolysis: Preparatory Phase

In cellular metabolism (the complete breakdown of glucose to extract energy),  glycolysis is the first step. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Glucose enters heterotrophic cells in two ways. One method is through secondary active transport, where the transport takes place against the glucose concentration gradient. The other mechanism uses a group of integral proteins called GLUT proteins, also known as glucose transporter proteins. These...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

In Vivo Monitoring of Transcriptional Activity During Metabolic Transition Using a Bioluminescent Reporter in Yeast
06:53

In Vivo Monitoring of Transcriptional Activity During Metabolic Transition Using a Bioluminescent Reporter in Yeast

Published on: February 21, 2025

The glucose signaling network in yeast.

Jeong-Ho Kim1, Adhiraj Roy, David Jouandot

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 Eye Street, Washington, DC 20037, USA.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|August 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Yeast cells use three main glucose signaling pathways to regulate glucose transporter (HXT) expression, ensuring efficient sugar uptake. This complex network integrates signals to match transporter activity with available glucose levels.

Keywords:
CancerGlucose signaling pathwaysGlucose transportersGlucose uptake and metabolismYeast

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In Vivo Monitoring of Transcriptional Activity During Metabolic Transition Using a Bioluminescent Reporter in Yeast
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Temporal Quantification of MAPK Induced Expression in Single Yeast Cells
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Temporal Quantification of MAPK Induced Expression in Single Yeast Cells

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Assay for Adhesion and Agar Invasion in S. cerevisiae
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Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cells possess intricate mechanisms for sensing and responding to glucose.
  • Glucose sensing and signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae serve as a model for eukaryotic gene expression regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review yeast glucose sensing and signaling pathways.
  • To explain how these pathways regulate hexose transporter (HXT) gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on a review of existing literature.
  • Analysis of glucose sensing and signaling pathways in yeast.
  • Discussion of the integration of regulatory networks.

Main Results:

  • Yeast utilize a family of glucose transporters (HXTs) with diverse kinetic properties.
  • Three primary signaling pathways (Rgt2/Snf3, AMPK, cAMP-PKA) control HXT expression.
  • These pathways form an integrated regulatory network for glucose homeostasis.

Conclusions:

  • Yeast precisely regulate HXT expression to match glucose availability.
  • Understanding yeast glucose metabolism offers insights into human metabolic diseases like diabetes and cancer.