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Multiplexed Isothermal Amplification Based Diagnostic Platform to Detect Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue 1
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Published on: March 13, 2018

Chikungunya virus infection: an overview.

Claudia Caglioti1, Eleonora Lalle, Concetta Castilletti

  • 1Laboratory of Virology, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Rome, Italy.

The New Microbiologica
|August 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne illness, causes flu-like symptoms and persistent joint pain. Prevention through mosquito control is key, as no specific therapy exists for this re-emerging global health threat.

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Multiplexed Isothermal Amplification Based Diagnostic Platform to Detect Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue 1
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14:58

High-Throughput Transcriptome Analysis for Investigating Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: March 5, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, first identified in 1952.
  • Recent mutations enhance CHIKV infectivity, particularly for Aedes albopictus, facilitating wider transmission.
  • CHIKV outbreaks, causing millions of infections, are linked to favorable climate conditions for mosquito vectors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic approaches for Chikungunya virus infection.
  • To highlight the potential for autochthonous CHIKV outbreaks in Europe due to vector presence.
  • To emphasize the importance of prevention and control measures in the absence of specific therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CHIKV epidemiology, transmission, and clinical features.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methods, including molecular detection and serological assays.
  • Examination of prevention strategies focusing on vector control and personal protection.

Main Results:

  • CHIKV infection presents with flu-like symptoms, rash, and prolonged joint pain, with potential for excess mortality during outbreaks.
  • Deregulation of innate immune responses, like cytokine storms, may contribute to chronic CHIKV disease.
  • Imported human cases pose a risk for local transmission in regions with competent mosquito vectors.

Conclusions:

  • Effective prevention, centered on insect control and avoiding bites, is crucial for managing CHIKV.
  • Early diagnosis via molecular or serological methods is vital for patient management and surveillance.
  • Differential diagnosis should consider cross-reactivity with similar alphaviruses, such as O'nyong-nyong virus.