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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Diagnosis of Hirschsprung's Disease by Immunostaining Rectal Suction Biopsies for Calretinin, S100 Protein and Protein Gene Product 9.5
05:45

Diagnosis of Hirschsprung's Disease by Immunostaining Rectal Suction Biopsies for Calretinin, S100 Protein and Protein Gene Product 9.5

Published on: April 26, 2019

Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis: pathogenesis, treatment and prevention.

Farokh R Demehri1, Ihab F Halaweish, Arnold G Coran

  • 1Section of Pediatric Surgery, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Health System, 1540 E. Hospital Dr., SPC 4211, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-4211, USA.

Pediatric Surgery International
|August 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC), a severe complication of Hirschsprung disease (HD), requires early recognition and prompt management. Understanding its complex pathogenesis is key to improving outcomes for affected children.

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Immunostaining to Visualize Murine Enteric Nervous System Development
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Immunostaining to Visualize Murine Enteric Nervous System Development

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Diagnosis of Hirschsprung's Disease by Immunostaining Rectal Suction Biopsies for Calretinin, S100 Protein and Protein Gene Product 9.5
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Immunostaining to Visualize Murine Enteric Nervous System Development
07:54

Immunostaining to Visualize Murine Enteric Nervous System Development

Published on: April 29, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a significant complication of Hirschsprung disease (HD).
  • HAEC presents with symptoms like abdominal distension, diarrhea, fever, and can lead to shock.
  • It can occur before or after surgical correction of HD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the incidence, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of HAEC.
  • To highlight the importance of early recognition and management strategies for HAEC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on HAEC.
  • Synthesis of information regarding clinical presentation, contributing factors, and therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • HAEC pathogenesis likely involves a multifactorial interplay: dysfunctional enteric nervous system, altered mucin, reduced immunoglobulin, and dysbiosis.
  • Early recognition and preventative measures (e.g., rectal washouts) improve outcomes.
  • Acute HAEC treatment includes resuscitation, decompression, and antibiotics.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of HAEC necessitates prompt diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and consideration of preventative strategies.
  • Recurrent HAEC may require further surgical intervention to address potential residual aganglionosis or obstruction.