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Engineered biosynthesis of disaccharide-modified polyene macrolides.

Eimear De Poire1, Niamh Stephens, Bernard Rawlings

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Two glycosyltransferase genes, nypY and pegA, were expressed to confirm their roles in modifying polyene macrolides. These enzymes generated disaccharide-modified compounds with potential as less toxic antibiotics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Polyene macrolides are antifungal agents.
  • Glycosylation is a key modification in polyene macrolide biosynthesis.
  • Two genes, nypY and pegA, were previously identified as potential mannosyltransferases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To confirm the function of nypY and pegA glycosyltransferases.
  • To investigate the substrate specificity of these enzymes.
  • To explore the potential of modified polyenes as less toxic antibiotics.

Main Methods:

  • Heterologous expression of nypY and pegA in Streptomyces strains.
  • Analysis of polyene macrolide modification products using NypY and PegA.
  • Testing enzyme activity on various amphotericin and candicidin analogs.

Main Results:

  • NypY successfully converted amphotericin A, B, and 7-oxo-amphotericin B into disaccharide-modified forms.
  • NypY demonstrated specificity, not acting on analogs lacking carboxyl or mycosamine groups.
  • Both NypY and PegA were active on candicidins, confirming their glycosyltransferase functions.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms the roles of NypY and PegA in catalyzing mannosylation of polyene macrolides.
  • Insights into the substrate tolerance of these glycosyltransferases were gained.
  • Disaccharide-modified polyenes show promise as potentially less toxic antimicrobial agents.