Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Applications of EMF Measurements01:26

Applications of EMF Measurements

Electromotive force (EMF) measurements have a broad range of applications in various fields, including chemistry and physics. The electrochemical series, an arrangement of elements in order of their standard electrode potentials, can be determined through EMF measurements. Elements with lower standard potentials can reduce ions of elements with higher standard potentials.The standard cell potential, E°, allows for the calculation of the standard reaction Gibbs energy, ΔG°, and the equilibrium...
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Applicability Domain Dependent Predictive Uncertainty in QSAR Regressions.

Molecular informatics·2016
Same author

Unilateral doubling of mandibular condyle.

Dento maxillo facial radiology·2015
Same author

Editorial introduction.

Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine·2014
Same author

Working conditions, health and productivity among dentists in Swedish public dental care--a prospective study during a 5-year period of rationalisation.

Ergonomics·2013
Same author

Rationalisation in public dental care--impact on clinical work tasks and mechanical exposure for dentists--a prospective study.

Ergonomics·2013
Same author

Mechanical exposure among general practice dentists in Sweden and possible implications of rationalisation.

Ergonomics·2011
Same journal

Interlimb differences in knee joint loading and stress distribution following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during stair descent.

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)·2026
Same journal

Exploring real-world lumbar posture behaviour. A whole day comparison of individuals with low back pain and healthy controls.

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)·2026
Same journal

Motor differences in jumping among children with and without autism spectrum disorder.

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)·2026
Same journal

Reduced lower extremity strength, altered muscle activation, and unchanged kinetics during single-leg squatting in males with patellofemoral pain versus pain-free males: A cross-sectional analysis.

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)·2026
Same journal

Ensuring bone-to-bone contact reduces interfragmentary strain in forearm shaft plating: A finite element study.

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)·2026
Same journal

Acute changes in gait biomechanics in children with cerebral palsy due to barefoot vs. footwear condition - An exploratory study.

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Extraction of the EPP Component from the Surface EMG
07:16

Extraction of the EPP Component from the Surface EMG

Published on: December 16, 2009

EMG mean power frequency: Obtaining a reference value.

T Oberg1, L Sandsjö, R Kadefors

  • 1Department of Biomechanics, University College of Health Sciences, Jönköping, and Department of Orthopedics, University of Linköping, Sweden.

Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)
|August 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reducing random variation in electromyographic mean power frequency normalization is crucial. Repeated calibration measurements, particularly at a 2-kg hand load, offer a preferred method for improving data reliability.

More Related Videos

Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test
06:00

Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test

Published on: July 27, 2015

Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
07:53

Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

Published on: September 13, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Extraction of the EPP Component from the Surface EMG
07:16

Extraction of the EPP Component from the Surface EMG

Published on: December 16, 2009

Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test
06:00

Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test

Published on: July 27, 2015

Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
07:53

Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

Published on: September 13, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Electromyographic (EMG) mean power frequency (MDF) normalization typically relies on single estimates.
  • Random variations in these reference values can significantly compromise the accuracy of normalized EMG data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate five distinct procedures for calculating initial reference values for EMG MDF normalization.
  • To identify methods that minimize between-subject and between-routine variability.

Main Methods:

  • Examined five calculation procedures: repeated calibration contractions (0-kg and 2-kg hand load) and regression routines (0-kg and 2-kg hand load).
  • Assessed between-subject, between-routine, and within-subject variations.
  • Analyzed the correlation between different calculation routines.

Main Results:

  • High correlation was observed between different normalization routines.
  • Variability was lower at a higher load level (2-kg) compared to a lower load level (0-kg).
  • Calibration and regression routines yielded equivalent results at the same load level.

Conclusions:

  • Significant between-subject and between-routine variations necessitate methods to reduce random error in EMG MDF normalization.
  • Repeated calibration measurements are proposed as a procedure to effectively reduce variability.
  • A preferred test position for the trapezius muscle involves a straight arm, 90° abduction in the scapular plane, with a 2-kg hand load.