Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 9, 2026
06:09
Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
Published on: March 12, 2021
Three-dimensional kinematics of the human back.
R J Hindle1, M J Pearcy, A T Cross
1Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Durham, UK.
Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)
|August 7, 2013
Summary
The 3Space Isotrak accurately measures back movement kinematics in 3D. This technology reveals distinct movement patterns in healthy individuals and identifies significant kinematic disruptions in patients, challenging subjective clinical assessments.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Orthopedics
- Medical Device Technology
Background:
- Assessing low back mobility is crucial in orthopedics.
- Current subjective clinical assessments may lack precision.
- Objective kinematic measurement tools are needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the 3Space Isotrak device for measuring 3D back kinematics.
- To compare kinematic patterns in healthy individuals across different demographics.
- To analyze kinematic alterations in orthopedic patients.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the 3Space Isotrak to capture 3D kinematic data.
- Measured 80 healthy subjects across various age and sex groups.
- Assessed kinematic patterns in patients from two orthopedic practices.
Main Results:
- The 3Space Isotrak demonstrated high accuracy (RMSE < 0.2°) and repeatability (SD < 4°).
- Identified consistent kinematic patterns in healthy individuals, with age and sex-related trends.
- Observed significant kinematic disruptions in patient groups, distinct from normal patterns.
- Found a poor correlation between subjective clinical assessment and objective kinematic measurements.
Conclusions:
- The 3Space Isotrak is an effective tool for objective 3D kinematic measurement of low back mobility.
- Findings suggest a need to reassess current clinical methods for evaluating back movement.
- Further research on homogeneous patient groups is needed to confirm clinical utility.
Related Concept Videos
01:18Kinematic Equations - III
The first two kinematic equations have time as a variable, but the third kinematic equation is independent of time. This equation expresses final velocity as a function of the acceleration and distance over which it acts. The fourth kinematic equation does not have an acceleration term and provides the final position of the object at time t in terms of the initial and final velocities. This equation is useful when the value of the constant acceleration is unknown.
Using the kinematic equations,...
Using the kinematic equations,...
01:27Muscles of the Vertebral Column
The back muscles that lie deep into the thoracolumbar fascia are called intrinsic or true back muscles. These muscles are divided into four layers: superficial, intermediate, deep, and deepest layers.
Superficial Layer:
The superficial layer consists primarily of the splenius muscles, which include the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis. These muscles are mainly responsible for the head and cervical spine movements, including extension, rotation, and lateral bending. The splenius capitis...
Superficial Layer:
The superficial layer consists primarily of the splenius muscles, which include the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis. These muscles are mainly responsible for the head and cervical spine movements, including extension, rotation, and lateral bending. The splenius capitis...
01:17Kinematic Equations - II
The second kinematic equation expresses the final position of an object in terms of its initial position, the distance traveled with the initial constant velocity, and the distance traveled due to a change in velocity. Similar to the first kinematic equation, this equation is also only valid when the acceleration is constant throughout the motion of an object.
Suppose a car merges into freeway traffic on a 200 m long ramp. If its initial velocity is 10 m/s and it accelerates at 2 m/s2, then the...
Suppose a car merges into freeway traffic on a 200 m long ramp. If its initial velocity is 10 m/s and it accelerates at 2 m/s2, then the...
01:30Three-Dimensional Force System
In mechanical engineering, a three-dimensional force system is a system of forces acting in three dimensions, with forces applied along the x, y, and z coordinate axes. The three-dimensional force system is an important concept in mechanical engineering, as it allows engineers to understand and analyze the behavior of objects and structures in three dimensions. By understanding the forces acting on a system, engineers can design more efficient and effective mechanical systems that can withstand...
01:30Kinematic Equations for Rotation
In mechanics, when one observes a rigid body in rotational motion with constant angular acceleration, it is possible to establish equations for its rotational kinematics. This process resembles how linear kinematics are dealt with in simpler motion studies.
For instance, imagine a point A on a rigid body engaged in circular motion. The translational velocity of this particular point can be calculated by taking the time derivatives of the displacement equation, which essentially measures the...
For instance, imagine a point A on a rigid body engaged in circular motion. The translational velocity of this particular point can be calculated by taking the time derivatives of the displacement equation, which essentially measures the...
01:26Kinematic Equations - I
When an object moves with constant acceleration, the velocity of the object changes at a constant rate throughout the motion. The kinematic equations of motions are derived for such cases where the acceleration of the object is constant. The first kinematic equation gives an insight into the relationship between velocity, acceleration, and time. We can see, for example: