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Related Concept Videos

Cancer02:18

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
What is Cancer?02:12

What is Cancer?

Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
Although people have known about cancer for centuries, it was only in 1761 that Giovanni Morgagni of Padua performed a detailed autopsy of patients who died from...

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Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
10:52

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Published on: March 30, 2018

Malignancy knows no boundaries.

Sandeep Batra1, Ashok K Vaid, Rahul Bhargava

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India. sandeepriya2000@yahoo.com

BMJ Case Reports
|August 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case highlights a rare presentation of ovarian cancer metastasizing to the abdominal wall and breast. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the ovarian origin, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive diagnostics for metastatic disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Ascites with malignant cells often indicates advanced cancer.
  • Metastatic disease can present with unusual cutaneous and breast involvement.

Observation:

  • A 47-year-old woman presented with ascites, abdominal wall nodules, and a breast lump.
  • Ascitic fluid cytology was positive for malignancy.
  • Biopsies revealed malignant tumors with specific immunohistochemical markers.

Findings:

  • Abdominal wall tumor: pancytokeratin, CA125, WT1 positive; CDX2, CD10, villin, calretinin negative, suggesting ovarian primary.
  • Breast lump: CK7, CA125, WT1 positive, indicating metastasis.
  • Immunohistochemistry strongly favored an ovarian primary with metastasis to the breast.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the diagnostic challenge of identifying primary tumors in metastatic presentations.
  • Accurate immunohistochemical profiling is crucial for determining the origin of metastatic cancers.
  • Ovarian cancer can exhibit diverse metastatic patterns, including unexpected sites like the breast and abdominal wall.