Neurogenic pulmonary edema: a current literature review

Neurogenic pulmonary edema in the setting of critically ill neurologic patients is a condition that is not fully understood, and it is a relatively rare condition. Severe brain damage, such as cerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage, head injuries and seizures, represents a risk factor for developing neurogenic pulmonary edema. Misdiagnosis and inappropriate management may worsen cerebral damage because of secondary brain injury from hypoxemia or reduced cerebral perfusion pressure. These factors may increase morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to review the current concepts on pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema and discuss the associated clinical and therapeutic aspects.