Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 9, 2026
13:44
Project-Based Learning Guidelines for Health Sciences Students: An Analysis with Data Mining and Qualitative Techniques
Published on: December 9, 2022
Training the trainees: an evaluation exercise using the TLH and BSO model
1Division of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, UK. srdjan.saso@imperial.ac.uk
Summary
Sub-specialist trainees (SSTs) in gynaecological oncology require more time to complete laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TLH and BSO) procedures compared to consultants. However, trainees show significant time improvement during their training.
Area of Science:
- Surgical Oncology
- Gynaecology
- Medical Education
Background:
- Surgical training in gynaecological oncology is crucial for patient outcomes.
- Laparoscopic procedures are increasingly common in gynaecologic oncology.
- Assessing trainee performance is essential for refining surgical education.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate surgical training effectiveness in gynaecological oncology.
- To assess the operative time for laparoscopic gynaecologic-oncological operations performed by trainees versus consultants.
- To analyze trainee improvement over the course of their specialization.
Main Methods:
- A comparative study involving 135 patients with endometrial cancer undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TLH and BSO).
- Patients were divided into two groups: Group I (n=78) operated on by consultant gynaecological oncology surgeons, and Group II (n=57) by sub-specialist trainees (SSTs).
- Operating times were recorded and compared between the two groups and within the trainee group over time.
Main Results:
- Median operating times were significantly longer for SSTs (90 min) compared to consultants (58 min) (p < 0.05).
- A significant improvement in operating time was observed between the first and second half of SST training.
- Despite improvement, SSTs remained slower than experienced consultant surgeons upon completion of training.
Conclusions:
- Sub-specialist trainees in gynaecological oncology require more time to perform laparoscopic TLH and BSO compared to consultant surgeons.
- Surgical trainees demonstrate measurable improvement in operative efficiency during their training period.
- Further optimization of training programs may be needed to bridge the efficiency gap between trainees and experienced surgeons.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Modeling in Therapy
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
01:20Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching III: Evaluation and Documentation
Evaluation of the teaching process enables the nurse to determine if the patient's learning needs were met and if training was effective. If the expected outcomes are not met, the care plan is revised, and additional education or reinforcement is provided. Nurses can ask questions after the session or obtain feedback to assess the patient's understanding of the topic.
Nurses can use several methods to evaluate patient outcomes. For example, oral questions can assess cognitive learning, patient...
Nurses can use several methods to evaluate patient outcomes. For example, oral questions can assess cognitive learning, patient...
01:14Steps in the Modeling Process
Albert Bandura's theory of observational learning identifies four critical processes: attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement or motivation.
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...
01:29Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model
The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
01:12Observational Learning
Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning because...