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Turning theory into practice: the development of modern transdermal drug delivery systems and future trends

O Perumal1, S N Murthy, Y N Kalia

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, S. Dak., USA.

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology
|August 8, 2013
PubMed

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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
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