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Related Experiment Videos

Peripheral organs control central neurogenesis in the leech.

C A Baptista1, T R Gershon, E R Macagno

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027.

Nature
|August 30, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral tissues stimulate neuron production, influencing neuronal numbers. In leeches, male genitalia signal specific ganglia to generate late-born neurons, demonstrating localized control over neurogenesis.

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Netrin signal is produced in leech embryos by segmentally iterated sets of central neurons and longitudinal muscle cells.

Development genes and evolution·2002

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Invertebrate Zoology

Background:

  • Neuronal survival and numbers are influenced by interactions between developing nerve centers and peripheral targets.
  • Peripheral tissues can stimulate the production of new neurons, impacting cell numbers.
  • The leech Hirudo medicinalis exhibits a unique population of neurons in segmental ganglia innervating genitalia, appearing during post-embryonic maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origin and regulation of late-born neurons in the leech Hirudo medicinalis.
  • To determine if peripheral tissues stimulate the production of these specific neurons.
  • To identify the factors controlling the generation of these late-developing neurons.

Main Methods:

  • Monitoring 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation via immunohistochemistry to track neuron birth.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Surgical manipulation: ablation of male genitalia and evulsion of connecting nerves during embryogenesis.
  • Xenotransplantation: transplanting male genitalia to different body segments.

    • Main Results:

    • Neurons in genital ganglia are born late in embryogenesis, after other central neurons and peripheral projections are established.
    • Ablation of male genitalia or their nerve connections prevents the birth of these neurons.
    • Transplanted male genitalia do not induce ectopic neuron generation in non-target ganglia, even with innervation.

    Conclusions:

    • The generation of late-appearing neurons is dependent on a highly localized signal from the male genitalia.
    • Only ganglia normally innervating the male genitalia possess the capacity to respond to this signal.
    • This study reveals a novel mechanism of peripheral tissue-controlled neurogenesis in a specific anatomical context.