Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Methods for Tattooing Xenopus laevis with a Rotary Tattoo Machine04:18

Methods for Tattooing Xenopus laevis with a Rotary Tattoo Machine

1.1K
Here, we describe methods for tattooing adult Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) with a rotary tattoo machine. Proper tattooing results in dark, easily legible numerals that last for several months and make animals easily distinguishable for research and recordkeeping...
1.1K
A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products08:07

A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products

11.6K
This method for two-step pyrolysis online coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection and data evaluation protocol can be used for multi-component analysis of tattoo inks and discrimination of counterfeit...
11.6K
Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications07:42

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

11.8K
A protocol for synthesizing inorganic-lead-halide hybrid perovskite quantum dot inks for inkjet printing and the protocol for preparing and printing the quantum dot inks in an inkjet printer with post characterization techniques are presented.
11.8K
Environmental Screening of Aeromonas hydrophila, Mycobacterium spp., and Pseudocapillaria tomentosa in Zebrafish Systems09:58

Environmental Screening of Aeromonas hydrophila, Mycobacterium spp., and Pseudocapillaria tomentosa in Zebrafish Systems

10.3K
This protocol describes the use of sump swabs and sludge analysis of zebrafish systems, which leads to increased detection compared to the sole use of sentinels to detect pathogens such as Aeromonas hydrophila, Mycobacterium spp., and Pseudocapillaria tomentosa. A system to monitor P. tomentosa eggs in quarantine is also...
10.3K
Skin Tattooing As A Novel Approach For DNA Vaccine Delivery06:37

Skin Tattooing As A Novel Approach For DNA Vaccine Delivery

16.6K
Skin tattooing is a potent and safe way to delivery DNA vaccine intradermally. Here, a DNA plasmid encoding EGFP is delivered by tattooing to the skin of a laboratory mouse, and the expression of EGFP in the skin cells is then inspected by confocal...
16.6K
Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks10:49

Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks

37.8K
Planar and three-dimensional printing of conductive metallic inks is described. Our approach provides new avenues for fabricating printed electronic, optoelectronic, and biomedical devices in unusual layouts at the...
37.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Intranasal monoclonal antibodies do not prevent respiratory infection in a randomized, controlled experimental infection trial.

npj drug discovery·2026
Same author

Estimating diagnostic accuracy under uncertainty about disease status: a sepsis case study.

Journal of clinical epidemiology·2026
Same author

QUADAS-3 Explanation and Elaboration: Guidance for Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies.

Annals of internal medicine·2026
Same author

QUADAS-3: A Revised Tool for the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies.

Annals of internal medicine·2026
Same author

Real-world Inter-rater Agreement of PI-QUAL Version 2 for Prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quality Assessment and Its Association with Diagnostic Accuracy.

European urology open science·2026
Same author

Red cell distribution width does not improve prediction of postsurgical infectious complications.

British journal of anaesthesia·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Author Spotlight: Refining Xenopus laevis Marking Techniques for Biomedical Studies
04:18

Author Spotlight: Refining Xenopus laevis Marking Techniques for Biomedical Studies

Published on: June 28, 2024

1.1K

Evaluating diagnostic accuracy in the face of multiple reference standards.

Christiana A Naaktgeboren1, Joris A H de Groot, Maarten van Smeden

  • 1Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Annals of Internal Medicine
|August 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Differential verification in diagnostic accuracy studies, where different reference standards are used, can bias results. This study classifies these biases and offers guidance on assessment and correction.

More Related Videos

A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products
08:07

A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products

Published on: May 22, 2019

11.6K
Skin Tattooing As A Novel Approach For DNA Vaccine Delivery
06:37

Skin Tattooing As A Novel Approach For DNA Vaccine Delivery

Published on: October 18, 2012

16.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Author Spotlight: Refining Xenopus laevis Marking Techniques for Biomedical Studies
04:18

Author Spotlight: Refining Xenopus laevis Marking Techniques for Biomedical Studies

Published on: June 28, 2024

1.1K
A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products
08:07

A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products

Published on: May 22, 2019

11.6K
Skin Tattooing As A Novel Approach For DNA Vaccine Delivery
06:37

Skin Tattooing As A Novel Approach For DNA Vaccine Delivery

Published on: October 18, 2012

16.6K

Area of Science:

  • Medical diagnostic accuracy research
  • Biostatistics
  • Health research methodology

Background:

  • Establishing disease status in diagnostic accuracy studies is challenging.
  • Practical or ethical constraints often necessitate using less accurate alternative reference standards.
  • Using different reference standards for participants is termed differential verification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify types of differential verification in diagnostic accuracy studies.
  • To explore how differential verification can introduce bias into accuracy estimates.
  • To provide guidance on reporting, risk assessment, and bias correction.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of differential verification variations.
  • Exploration of bias mechanisms.
  • Guidance on reporting and risk-of-bias assessment.

Main Results:

  • Differential verification can severely bias diagnostic accuracy estimates.
  • The risk of bias varies depending on the type of differential verification.
  • Accurate risk assessment requires detailed participant-level data and reference standard accuracy estimates.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding and addressing differential verification is crucial for reliable diagnostic test accuracy evaluation.
  • Clear reporting and rigorous risk-of-bias assessment are essential when differential verification is present.
  • Methods exist to correct for bias introduced by differential verification.