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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

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Direct-acting cholinergic agonists have many therapeutic uses in various medical fields. Choline esters, including acetylcholine, have limited clinical utility due to their non-selectivity and short duration of action. Still, acetylcholine and carbachol are applied topically during ophthalmologic surgery to induce miosis. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic and ganglionic stimulator, effectively treats open-angle glaucoma and alleviates xerostomia and dry mouth caused by radiotherapy or Sjögren syndrome.
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Updated: May 9, 2026

Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin
08:57

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Published on: March 26, 2015

Laquinimod for multiple sclerosis.

Dian He1, Kai Han, Xiangdong Gao

  • 1Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, No. 28, Gui Yi Street, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China, 550004.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|August 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Laquinimod shows potential benefits for reducing relapse rates in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. However, evidence quality is low due to a single study with high attrition bias, necessitating further trials for confirmation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated CNS disorder with inflammatory and neurodegenerative components.
  • Current disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) are not effective for all MS patients, necessitating novel treatments.
  • Laquinimod, an oral agent, exhibits immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties, showing promise for relapsing MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of laquinimod in treating multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To compare laquinimod (monotherapy or combination) against placebo or approved DMDs for disease modification in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of multiple databases and clinical trial registries up to April 2013.
  • Inclusion of randomized, double-blind, controlled, parallel-group clinical trials of at least one-year duration.
  • Independent data extraction and quality assessment by two reviewers, with primary investigator consultation.

Main Results:

  • One study met inclusion criteria, comparing 0.6 mg daily oral laquinimod (n=550) to placebo (n=556) in 1106 relapsing-remitting MS patients.
  • The study exhibited a high risk of attrition bias (21.9%).
  • Laquinimod demonstrated potential in reducing relapse rates and appeared safe short-term, with common adverse events including headache and gastrointestinal issues.

Conclusions:

  • Limited evidence supports laquinimod's use in MS due to a single, lower-quality study.
  • The existing study suggests potential short-term benefits and safety for laquinimod (0.6 mg/day) in relapsing-remitting MS.
  • Results from ongoing trials are awaited to further clarify laquinimod's role in MS management.