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Acceleration due to Gravity on Other Planets

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Science potential from a Europa lander.

R T Pappalardo1, S Vance, F Bagenal

  • 1Planetary Sciences Section, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA. robert.pappalardo@jpl.nasa.gov

Astrobiology
|August 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A Europa lander mission could explore the moon's potential habitability by analyzing its subsurface composition and conducting geophysical surveys. This mission requires extensive reconnaissance to identify a safe, scientifically optimal landing site.

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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Astrobiology
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • Orbital and flyby missions provide limited data on Europa's habitability.
  • In situ surface analysis offers unique science opportunities.
  • A NASA-commissioned Science Definition Team conceptualized a Europa lander mission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Outline science objectives and investigations for a Europa lander.
  • Propose a model instrument payload for in situ analysis.
  • Assess the feasibility and scientific return of a Europa lander mission.

Main Methods:

  • Active sampling of Europa's non-ice material at various depths (0.5-2 cm and 5-10 cm).
  • Geophysical prospecting using seismology and magnetometry.
  • In situ characterization of surface geology.

Main Results:

  • Prioritizes detailed chemical and compositional analysis of non-ice materials, including salts and organic compounds.
  • Includes geophysical investigations to study the ice shell and subsurface ocean.
  • Identifies potential landing sites with reduced radiation levels.

Conclusions:

  • A Europa lander is crucial for understanding the moon's habitability through direct sampling and geophysical measurements.
  • Careful site selection based on thorough reconnaissance is essential for mission success and maximizing scientific return.
  • The mission concept leverages Europa's unique environment for scientific discovery.