Long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic versus open partial nephrectomy

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Surgical Oncology
• Nephrology

Background:

• Existing literature on partial nephrectomy primarily focuses on technical aspects and short-to-mid-term results.
• The long-term oncologic efficacy comparison between laparoscopic (LPN) and open (OPN) partial nephrectomy remains insufficiently explored.
• Localized renal tumors are often treated with nephron-sparing surgery, necessitating understanding of long-term outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a meta-analysis comparing the long-term oncologic outcomes of LPN versus OPN for localized renal tumors.
• To clarify the long-term oncologic efficacy of LPN relative to OPN in renal tumor treatment.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was performed across Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases.
• Eligible studies included comparative trials reporting long-term oncologic outcomes for LPN and OPN.
• Oncologic outcomes were analyzed using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI); study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Main Results:

• Six comparative studies with 1495 participants (555 LPN, 940 OPN) were included.
• No statistically significant differences were observed in 5-year overall survival (OR = 1.83, 95% CI (0.80, 4.19)).
• Similarly, 5-year cancer-specific survival (OR = 1.09, 95% CI (0.62, 1.92)) and 5-year recurrence-free survival (OR = 0.68, 95% CI (0.37, 1.26)) showed no significant divergence between LPN and OPN.

Conclusions:

• This meta-analysis indicates that LPN and OPN yield comparable long-term oncologic outcomes for localized renal tumors.
• The findings suggest that LPN is a viable alternative to OPN regarding long-term cancer control.