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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Fluorescence-mediated Tomography for the Detection and Quantification of Macrophage-related Murine Intestinal Inflammation
07:05

Fluorescence-mediated Tomography for the Detection and Quantification of Macrophage-related Murine Intestinal Inflammation

Published on: December 15, 2017

Macrocytosis in Crohn's disease: a devastating blast.

Lennard Y W Lee1, Vidya Santharam, George Macfaul

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Milton Keynes NHS Foundation Trust, Milton Keynes, UK. lennardywlee@gmail.com

BMJ Case Reports
|August 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A Crohn's disease patient developed myelodysplastic syndrome despite vitamin B12 treatment. Azathioprine, a common Crohn's therapy, can cause this serious condition and should be stopped if suspected.

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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis

Published on: September 22, 2019

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Fluorescence-mediated Tomography for the Detection and Quantification of Macrophage-related Murine Intestinal Inflammation
07:05

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Published on: December 15, 2017

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
08:40

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis

Published on: September 22, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Crohn's disease management often involves immunosuppressants like azathioprine.
  • Elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) is frequently observed in Crohn's disease patients, typically linked to vitamin B12 deficiency or bacterial overgrowth.

Observation:

  • A 47-year-old female Crohn's disease patient presented with persistently elevated MCV despite vitamin B12 supplementation.
  • Bone marrow biopsy confirmed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).

Findings:

  • Myelodysplastic syndrome is an under-recognized complication of azathioprine therapy.
  • Azathioprine-induced MDS carries a significant risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Implications:

  • Discontinuation of azathioprine is crucial in patients with suspected myelodysplastic syndrome.
  • This case highlights the importance of monitoring for MDS in Crohn's disease patients on azathioprine.
  • Early recognition and cessation of azathioprine may improve outcomes and prevent AML progression.