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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis01:23

Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis

Bacterial cell walls are typically rigid structures composed mainly of peptidoglycan, a mesh-like polymer that provides mechanical strength and maintains cell shape. The synthesis of peptidoglycan is a crucial process in bacterial growth and serves as a primary target for many antibiotics.Mechanism of Action of Beta-Lactam AntibioticsBeta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis in actively growing cells. These antibiotics share a characteristic four-membered...
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
08:58

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

Multiple broad-spectrum Beta-lactamase targets for comprehensive surveillance.

Kathy A Mangold1, Barbara L Voss, Kamaljit Singh

  • 1Pathology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|August 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Broad-spectrum beta-lactamase (B-L) detection in long-term care facilities was enhanced by testing for multiple resistance genes. Multiplex real-time PCR identified B-L in 73.5% of residents, a significant increase over detecting only blaKPC.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

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The Use of a &#946;-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions
08:06

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

Published on: February 1, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and other carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria (CP-GNB) are significant threats in healthcare settings.
  • Long-term acute-care facilities (LTACFs) are high-risk environments for the transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs).
  • Broad-spectrum beta-lactamases (B-Ls) confer resistance to a wide range of antibiotics, including beta-lactams.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of key carbapenemase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes in residents of LTACFs.
  • To determine the added value of multiplex real-time PCR for detecting a broader range of B-L genes compared to single-gene targets.

Main Methods:

  • Rectal swabs were collected from residents of two LTACFs.
  • Real-time PCR was employed to detect the presence of specific B-L genes: blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, and blaCTX-M.
  • Statistical analysis, including McNemar's test, was used to compare detection rates.

Main Results:

  • The blaKPC gene was detected in 67.6% (69/102) of rectal swabs.
  • Expanding the testing to include blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, and blaCTX-M increased the overall detection rate of broad-spectrum B-Ls to 73.5%.
  • This increase in detection was statistically significant (McNemar's P = 0.03).

Conclusions:

  • Multiplex real-time PCR significantly enhances the detection rate of broad-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in LTACF residents.
  • Comprehensive molecular screening for multiple resistance genes is crucial for understanding and controlling the spread of MDROs in vulnerable populations.
  • These findings underscore the importance of broad molecular surveillance in high-risk healthcare settings.