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Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics

The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...
Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview01:23

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
11:19

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation

Published on: January 17, 2011

[Propofol up2date].

Stefan Bushuven1, Daniel Heise

  • 1Instituts für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie am Hegau-Bodensee-Klinikum Singen. stefan.bushuven@hbh-kliniken.de

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
|August 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Propofol is a widely used anesthetic, but its full potential, pharmacokinetics, and side effects are not fully understood by all healthcare providers. This review clarifies the diverse clinical applications and properties of propofol, addressing common myths.

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Optogenetic Activation of Afferent Pathways in Brain Slices and Modulation of Responses by Volatile Anesthetics

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Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
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Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation

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Optogenetic Activation of Afferent Pathways in Brain Slices and Modulation of Responses by Volatile Anesthetics
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Optogenetic Activation of Afferent Pathways in Brain Slices and Modulation of Responses by Volatile Anesthetics

Published on: July 23, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Propofol is a frequently utilized hypnotic agent in anesthesia and critical care.
  • Despite widespread use, comprehensive understanding of its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, interactions, and side effects among providers may be lacking.
  • There are existing misconceptions and myths surrounding propofol's clinical application.

Purpose:

  • To review the diverse clinical applications of propofol.
  • To elucidate the full potential, pharmacokinetic and -dynamic abilities, interactions, and side effects of propofol.
  • To address and clarify existing disputes and myths regarding propofol.

Summary:

  • This article provides a comprehensive review of propofol, a potent hypnotic agent.
  • It examines the drug's diverse effects, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, and interactions in clinical practice.
  • The review aims to enhance provider understanding and dispel common misconceptions about propofol.

Impact:

  • Improved understanding of propofol's properties and applications among healthcare providers.
  • Potential reduction in adverse events through better-informed clinical decision-making.
  • Clarification of propofol's role and limitations in anesthesia, intensive care, and procedural sedation.