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Related Concept Videos

Masonry Curtain Walls01:20

Masonry Curtain Walls

Masonry curtain walls employ brick or stone veneers supported by the building's structure to form an external cladding system that is both aesthetically appealing and functional. These walls are erected through two principal techniques, first by traditional layering of masonry units and second by using prefabricated panels. Traditional construction relies on steel shelf angles attached to the spandrel beam for support, with high-bond mortars ensuring secure attachment of masonry veneer units.
Composite Masonry Walls01:18

Composite Masonry Walls

Composite masonry walls combine multiple wythes of the same or different masonry materials to create a unified structure. These walls feature wythes that are bonded together either through mortar-filled collar joints, grouted spaces, or more commonly, with rigid metal ties and reinforcements, with the use of masonry header units being rare. Metal ties are preferred because they effectively minimize water penetration, as these walls primarily absorb moisture and then release it into the...
Masonry Cavity Walls01:26

Masonry Cavity Walls

Cavity walls feature a hollow space between the outer and inner wythes, connected only by corrosion-resistant metal ties. When water seeps through the outer wythe, it descends within this cavity, intercepted by flashing and eventually exiting through weep holes. To enhance moisture resistance, the inner wythe's cavity side often receives damp-proofing, doubling as an air barrier. The cavity can also house insulation to mitigate heat transfer.
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Spanning Openings in Brick Walls01:20

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Masonry Loadbearing Walls01:16

Masonry Loadbearing Walls

Masonry load-bearing walls, constructed from materials like brick, stone, or concrete masonry units, serve as a crucial component in building structures by supporting the loads from floors and roofs and transferring them to the foundation. These walls, known for their compressive strength, can be reinforced or unreinforced to suit different building needs, accommodating both the dead and live loads while maintaining safety through lower working stresses compared to the materials' ultimate...
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Expansion and Contraction in Masonry Walls

Masonry walls are subject to slight expansion and contraction due to variations in temperature and moisture. Thermal movement in masonry is relatively straightforward to measure and plan for. On the other hand, moisture movement poses more of a challenge. New clay masonry units typically absorb water and expand over time under normal environmental conditions. Conversely, new concrete masonry units tend to shrink as they lose the excess moisture acquired during their production process.
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Photorealistic Learned Landscapes for Augmented Reality
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Published on: June 27, 2025

Image-based modeling of unwrappable façades.

Tian Fang1, Zhexi Wang, Honghui Zhang

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. tianft@cse.ust.hk

IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
|August 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an unwrappable representation for 3D building façade modeling using multiple images. This method reconstructs complex, non-planar façades by temporarily flattening them for detailed modeling.

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Vision
  • 3D Reconstruction
  • Geometric Modeling

Background:

  • Accurate 3D modeling of building façades is crucial for various applications, including urban planning and digital heritage.
  • Existing methods often struggle with non-planar or complex façade geometries, limiting their applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel unwrappable representation for image-based façade modeling.
  • To extend state-of-the-art planar façade modeling techniques to handle more general, non-planar cases.
  • To enable detailed reconstruction of complex building façades from registered images.

Main Methods:

  • Reconstruction of semidense 3D points from multiple registered images.
  • Extraction of mutually orthogonal baseline and profile to define an unwrappable space.
  • Mapping 3D points and textures to the unwrapped space for planar modeling.
  • Wrapping augmented details back to the original 3D space for final model generation.

Main Results:

  • Development of an unwrappable representation that parameterizes façades using baseline and profile.
  • Successful reconstruction of complex, non-planar façades by leveraging planar modeling techniques in an unwrapped space.
  • Generation of detailed 3D façade models with composed textures from input images.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed unwrappable representation effectively extends 3D façade modeling capabilities to non-planar structures.
  • This method facilitates detailed reconstruction by temporarily transforming complex geometry into a planar domain.
  • The approach offers a powerful new tool for creating accurate and comprehensive 3D building models from image data.