Pain Management and Neuromuscular Reeducation for the HIV Patient

As a multisystem chronic illness, two areas come to the forefront for management by the rehabilitation specialist. Pain and neuromuscular deficits may be a result of direct insult by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or opportunistic infections affecting functional abilities. A brief overview of pathologic findings reveals that the types of pain experiences is based upon the disease processes that are occurring secondary to HIV. The management of pain and resultant functional changes depends on the source, symptoms and signs of pain. Physical and Occupational therapists are key health care professionals to conduct pain assessments and evaluate functional impairment to better employ non-invasive techniques for management of HIV complications. This article presents various modalities and modes of therapeutic intervention to enhance full participation of the person with HIV in activities of daily living.