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Updated: May 9, 2026
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Newer treatment modalities for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
Ignacio E Tapia1, Carole L Marcus
1Sleep Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA. tapia@email.chop.edu
Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|August 13, 2013
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children is rising. New treatments are needed as current options like CPAP have adherence issues, and adenotonsillectomy isn't always effective.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Sleep Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is prevalent in children and rising due to the obesity epidemic.
- Untreated OSAS causes significant health issues, including growth failure, hypertension, and neurocognitive impairment.
- Many children have residual OSAS post-adenotonsillectomy, with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) adherence being a major challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the need for novel therapeutic strategies for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.
- To review current research on emerging treatments for pediatric OSAS.
- To emphasize the necessity for rigorous clinical trials evaluating these new modalities.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent research on pediatric obstructive sleep apnea treatments.
- Analysis of the limitations of existing therapies, including CPAP adherence.
- Identification of emerging treatment modalities under investigation.
Main Results:
- Residual OSAS after adenotonsillectomy is common in children, particularly those who are obese or have comorbidities.
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is effective but limited by poor patient adherence.
- Emerging therapies include anti-inflammatories, dental interventions, high-flow nasal cannula, and weight loss programs.
Conclusions:
- New treatment modalities for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea are critically needed.
- Current research on novel therapies lacks robust randomized controlled trials.
- Further investigation is warranted to establish the efficacy and safety of alternative pediatric OSAS treatments.
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