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Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

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DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Sequencing of Bacterial Microflora in Peripheral Blood: our Experience with HIV-infected Patients
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Sequencing of Bacterial Microflora in Peripheral Blood: our Experience with HIV-infected Patients

Published on: June 11, 2011

HIV peripheral neuropathy.

Alberto Alain Gabbai1, Adauto Castelo, Acary Souza Bulle Oliveira

  • 1Department of Neurology, UNIFESP-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|August 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peripheral neuropathies are common in HIV patients, often caused by antiretroviral therapy (ART). Managing neuropathic pain presents challenges, necessitating new approaches to improve quality of life.

Keywords:
HIVHIV infectionacquired immunodeficiency syndromeimmune reconstitution inflammatory syndromeopportunistic infectionsperipheral nerve diseases

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Sequencing of Bacterial Microflora in Peripheral Blood: our Experience with HIV-infected Patients
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Published on: June 14, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Peripheral neuropathies are the most common neurological complication in individuals with HIV/AIDS.
  • Distal symmetrical sensory neuropathy is the predominant form, linked to HIV infection and its treatment.
  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has shifted the landscape of HIV-associated neuropathies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the classification and management of peripheral neuropathies in HIV-infected individuals.
  • To highlight the challenges in managing neuropathic pain associated with HIV and ART.
  • To emphasize the need for novel strategies to address residual neurological morbidity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HIV-associated neuropathies.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and etiological factors.
  • Discussion of current and potential treatment options for neuropathic pain.

Main Results:

  • Distal symmetrical sensory neuropathy affects 57% of HIV-infected individuals, with 38% experiencing neuropathic pain.
  • ART neurotoxicity is a primary cause of distal symmetrical sensory neuropathy.
  • Current treatments for neuropathic pain are often ineffective, with limited alternative options.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-associated neuropathies require classification based on clinical presentation due to the impact of ART.
  • Neuropathic pain management in HIV-infected individuals is complex and requires further research.
  • Developing new therapeutic approaches is crucial to mitigate neurological morbidity and enhance the quality of life for this population.