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Genetic relationship between five psychiatric disorders estimated from genome-wide SNPs.

¹, S Hong Lee, Stephan Ripke

¹The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Nature Genetics

|August 13, 2013

Summary

Genetic factors are shared across psychiatric disorders, with significant overlap found between schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. This finding suggests common biological pathways influencing these conditions.

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Area of Science:

Psychiatric Genetics
Genomics
Quantitative Trait Analysis

Background:

Psychiatric disorders exhibit moderate to high heritability.
The extent of shared genetic underpinnings across different psychiatric conditions remains largely undetermined.
Understanding shared genetic etiology is crucial for advancing psychiatric nosology and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the shared genetic etiology among major psychiatric disorders.
To quantify the genetic correlations between schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Main Methods:

Utilized genome-wide genotype data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC).
Applied univariate and bivariate statistical methods to estimate genetic variation and covariation.
Calculated genetic correlations between pairs of disorders using common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs).

Main Results:

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) explained 17-29% of the liability variance for the studied disorders.
High genetic correlation observed between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (0.68).
Moderate genetic correlations found between schizophrenia and major depressive disorder (0.43), bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (0.47), and ADHD and major depressive disorder (0.32).
Low genetic correlation noted between schizophrenia and ASD (0.16); other pairs showed non-significant correlations.

Conclusions:

Provides empirical evidence for shared genetic etiology across several psychiatric disorders.
Findings support the investigation of common pathophysiologies for related psychiatric conditions.
The results can inform future psychiatric nosological classifications and research directions.