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Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
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The intrinsic polarity of cells can be primarily attributed to two factors- i) the asymmetric accumulation of mobile components such are regulatory molecules and subcellular components across the cell and ii) the orientation of polar cytoskeletal filaments that make up the cytoskeletal networks, specifically microfilaments, and microtubules arranged along the axis of polarity. Interactions between the cytoskeletal filaments are crucial for the establishment and maintenance of the polar nature...
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Updated: May 8, 2026

Rapid and Robust Analysis of Cellular and Molecular Polarization Induced by Chemokine Signaling
10:03

Rapid and Robust Analysis of Cellular and Molecular Polarization Induced by Chemokine Signaling

Published on: December 12, 2014

Spatial stochastic dynamics enable robust cell polarization.

Michael J Lawson1, Brian Drawert, Mustafa Khammash

  • 1Department of BioMolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America.

Plos Computational Biology
|August 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stochastic noise and spatial heterogeneity are crucial for robust cell polarity, enabling yeast cells to maintain a defined shape and track signals. This study highlights noise

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

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Published on: May 22, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Computational Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cell polarity is fundamental for cellular functions but remains incompletely understood.
  • The yeast polarisome, induced by pheromones, serves as a key model system for studying cell polarity.
  • The roles of noise and spatial heterogeneity in cell polarity are critical areas of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of noise and spatial heterogeneity in yeast polarisome formation.
  • To compare the predictions of deterministic and stochastic spatial models of polarisome formation against experimental data.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying robust cell polarization and signal tracking.

Main Methods:

  • Development and analysis of two mechanistic spatial models: one deterministic and one stochastic.
  • Comparison of model predictions with experimental phenotypes of wild-type and mutant yeast cells.
  • Investigation of the impact of stochastic noise levels on polarization robustness.

Main Results:

  • The stochastic model accurately reproduces wild-type cell polarization (spatial stochastic amplification) and the ability to track moving pheromone inputs.
  • Only the stochastic model replicates both wild-type characteristics and the multi-polarisome phenotype observed in Spa2 deletion mutants.
  • Increased stochastic noise enhances polarization robustness against parameter variations.
  • A novel role for a polarisome protein in stabilizing actin cables is suggested.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial stochastic effects play an intricate and essential role in achieving robust cell polarity.
  • A cellular model where noise and spatial heterogeneity synergize for robust biological function is supported.
  • The findings provide insights into the mechanisms of cell polarization and potential roles of specific proteins.