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Updated: May 8, 2026
08:12
Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
Published on: June 5, 2019
[Resting heart rate and cardiovascular disease]
Buenaventura Brito Díaz1, José Juan Alemán Sánchez1, Antonio Cabrera de León2
1Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España; Red de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, España.
Medicina Clinica
|August 14, 2013
Summary
Elevated resting heart rate is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, linked to inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Lowering heart rate offers benefits in various heart conditions and may reduce cardiovascular events.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Autonomic Nervous System Physiology
- Inflammation Research
Context:
- Resting heart rate is a key indicator of autonomic nervous system activity.
- Elevated resting heart rate is independently associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
- Cardiac autonomic balance is linked to systemic inflammation and endothelial function.
Purpose:
- To review the role of heart rate in cardiovascular health and disease.
- To explore the relationship between heart rate, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.
- To discuss the therapeutic implications of heart rate reduction in cardiovascular pathologies.
Summary:
- Increased resting heart rate contributes to micro-inflammatory responses and endothelial dysfunction, acting as an independent cardiovascular risk factor.
- Decreasing heart rate demonstrates benefits in conditions such as congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and atherosclerosis.
- Heart rate variability and post-exercise recovery are also associated with cardiovascular event risk.
Impact:
- Understanding the link between heart rate and cardiovascular disease can inform risk assessment.
- Interventions aimed at reducing heart rate, including pharmacological approaches (e.g., beta-blockers), show potential in reducing cardiovascular events.
- Targeting heart rate reduction is a viable therapeutic strategy for specific patient populations, though not recommended for healthy individuals.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Factors Influencing Heart Rate
The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
01:31Regulation of Heart Rates
The regulation of heart rate is a complex process controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), hormonal influences, and intrinsic cardiac mechanisms. The ANS has two main components: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
The SNS increases heart rate through the release of norepinephrine and epinephrine, which act on beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart. This action increases the rate of depolarization in the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart's...
The SNS increases heart rate through the release of norepinephrine and epinephrine, which act on beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart. This action increases the rate of depolarization in the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart's...
01:23Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
01:19Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate...
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate...
01:14Decreased pulse rate
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with bradycardia...
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with bradycardia...