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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
06:33

Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Published on: November 10, 2023

Epigenetic changes: a common theme in acute myelogenous leukemogenesis.

Soraya E Gutierrez1, Francisco A Romero-Oliva

  • 1Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad de Concepcion, Casilla 160 C, 4089100, Concepcion, Chile. sgutierr@udec.cl

Journal of Hematology & Oncology
|August 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic modifications are crucial in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) development. This review covers current knowledge on epigenetic alterations in leukemogenesis and related patented technologies.

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Published on: February 21, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder.
  • Traditionally viewed as genetic, AML pathogenesis increasingly involves epigenetic factors.
  • Epigenetic modifications play a key role in leukemia cell development and maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current scientific understanding of epigenetic alterations in leukemogenesis.
  • To highlight novel technological strategies based on epigenetic processes.
  • To identify relevant patents filed worldwide.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epigenetic mechanisms in AML.
  • Analysis of patent databases for epigenetic technologies.
  • Synthesis of current research and patent landscape.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic dysregulation is a significant driver of AML.
  • Numerous patents demonstrate technological advancements in epigenetic targeting for AML.
  • These technologies offer potential new therapeutic avenues.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic alterations are central to AML development and progression.
  • Patented epigenetic technologies represent promising strategies for AML treatment.
  • Further research integrating genetic and epigenetic insights is warranted.