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Updated: May 8, 2026

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Efficient Ho:LuLiF4 laser diode-pumped at 1.15 μm.

Sheng-Li Wang1, Chong-Yuan Huang, Cheng-Chun Zhao

  • 1Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas, Ministry of Education and Department of Physics, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

Optics Express
|August 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Researchers achieved laser operation using a novel Holmium-doped Lithium Lutetium Fluoride (Ho:LuLiF4) crystal. This breakthrough utilizes a "two-for-one" cross-relaxation effect for enhanced laser efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state laser physics
  • Materials science
  • Quantum electronics

Background:

  • Holmium-doped crystals are crucial for mid-infrared laser applications.
  • Lithium Lutetium Fluoride (LuLiF4) offers promising optical properties for laser gain media.
  • Direct diode pumping is an efficient method for exciting laser materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the first laser operation of a Ho(3+)-doped LuLiF4 single crystal.
  • To investigate the role of cross-relaxation in enhancing laser efficiency.
  • To characterize the laser performance under direct diode pumping.

Main Methods:

  • Directly pumping a Ho(3+):LuLiF4 crystal with a 1.15-μm laser diode.
  • Employing a numerical model to analyze the cross-relaxation dynamics.

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  • Measuring output power, beam quality, and slope efficiency.
  • Main Results:

    • Achieved continuous wave (CW) laser operation at 2.066 μm.
    • Observed a maximum CW output power of 1.4 W.
    • Attained a slope efficiency of 29% with respect to absorbed power.
    • Identified the significant contribution of the "two-for-one" cross-relaxation effect to laser efficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • Ho(3+):LuLiF4 is a viable gain medium for efficient laser operation.
    • Direct diode pumping combined with cross-relaxation is effective for high-performance lasers.
    • This work paves the way for developing compact and efficient mid-infrared laser sources.