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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
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Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Simultaneous Brightfield, Fluorescence, and Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging of Contracting Cardiac Trabeculae Ex Vivo
12:54

Simultaneous Brightfield, Fluorescence, and Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging of Contracting Cardiac Trabeculae Ex Vivo

Published on: October 2, 2021

Space-division multiplexing optical coherence tomography.

Chao Zhou1, Aneesh Alex, Janarthanan Rasakanthan

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA. chaozhou@lehigh.edu

Optics Express
|August 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Space-division multiplexing (SDM) technology boosts optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging speed to 800,000 A-scans/s. This breakthrough enables high-resolution, in vivo 3D imaging of biological samples in under a second.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Optical Engineering
  • High-Speed Imaging

Background:

  • High speed, resolution, and sensitivity are crucial for optical coherence tomography (OCT).
  • Existing OCT systems face limitations in achieving simultaneous high performance across these parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel space-division multiplexing (SDM) technology for enhancing OCT imaging speed.
  • To leverage the long coherence length of a tunable laser for rapid OCT acquisition.
  • To enable high-resolution, in vivo 3D imaging of biological samples.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of space-division multiplexing (SDM) with a 100,000 Hz tunable vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL).
  • Development of a prototype SDM-OCT system capable of high acquisition rates.
  • Characterization of imaging speed, sensitivity, resolution, and roll-off performance.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an effective imaging speed of 800,000 A-scans/s.
  • Measured a sensitivity of 94.6 dB with minimal roll-off (< 2 dB over ~30 mm).
  • Obtained an axial resolution of ~11 μm in air (~8.3 μm in tissue) across the depth range.
  • Acquired a 3D OCT volume of a Drosophila larva (400 x 605 A-scans) in 0.37 seconds.
  • Demonstrated synchronized cross-sectional imaging of a beating Drosophila larva heart.

Conclusions:

  • SDM technology offers a new dimension for OCT speed enhancement with cost-effective scaling.
  • SDM-OCT preserves image resolution and enables synchronized 3D and cross-sectional imaging.
  • This technology opens avenues for advanced biomedical applications requiring rapid, high-resolution imaging.