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Splitting of levels in a cylindrical dielectric waveguide
1petrovni@mail.ru
Optics Letters
|August 14, 2013
Summary
Mode splitting in optical fibers is demonstrated by solving Maxwell equations. Degenerate vortex Laguerre-Gauss modes split due to spin-orbit and tensor forces, affecting group delays and resonator frequencies.
Area of Science:
- Optical physics
- Electromagnetism
- Materials science
Background:
- Vortex Laguerre-Gauss modes in optical fibers exhibit degeneracy.
- Understanding mode behavior is crucial for optical communication and sensing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate and analyze mode splitting in cylindrical graded-index optical fibers.
- To investigate the lifting of degeneracy in vortex Laguerre-Gauss modes.
Main Methods:
- Solving full Maxwell equations using perturbation analysis.
- Analyzing spin-orbit (vector) and tensor forces responsible for mode splitting.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated splitting of degenerate vortex Laguerre-Gauss modes.
- Identified spin-orbit and tensor forces as the cause of degeneracy lifting.
- Presented numerical estimations of group delays and frequency splitting.
Conclusions:
- Mode splitting is an inherent property of vortex Laguerre-Gauss modes in graded-index fibers.
- The findings have implications for optical fiber applications and resonator designs.
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