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Isolation and Characterization of Microvesicles from Peripheral Blood
06:03

Isolation and Characterization of Microvesicles from Peripheral Blood

Published on: January 6, 2017

C-src enriched serum microvesicles are generated in malignant plasma cell dyscrasia

Giuseppe Di Noto1, Lucia Paolini, Andrea Zendrini

  • 1Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

Plos One
|August 14, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Monoclonal immunoglobulin Free Light Chains (FLCs) from malignant cells are transported in specific vesicles, suggesting a novel mechanism in plasma cell dyscrasias like Multiple Myeloma.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Plasma cell dyscrasias, including Multiple Myeloma (MM), are immunosecretory disorders.
  • Monoclonal immunoglobulin Free Light Chains (FLCs) are biomarkers in these conditions.
  • The biological behavior of FLCs in malignant versus benign conditions is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biological differences and transport mechanisms of monoclonal FLCs.
  • To characterize the role of microvesicles and exosomes in FLC dissemination.
  • To explore potential mechanisms of disease progression in plasma cell dyscrasias.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized endothelial and heart muscle cell lines to study FLC internalization.
  • Analyzed FLC transport via microvesicles and exosomes.
  • Investigated the presence of specific markers (Hsp70, annexin V, c-src) in vesicles from patients with MM, AL Amyloidosis, and MGUS.

Main Results:

  • Endothelial and heart muscle cells internalize both kappa and lambda FLCs.
  • Internalized FLCs are rerouted extracellularly via microvesicles and exosomes, with potential for re-uptake by adjacent cells.
  • FLCs from malignant B lymphocytes are specifically packaged in vesicles containing Hsp70, annexin V, and c-src.
  • Increased microvesicle and exosome production observed in MM and AL Amyloidosis patients.
  • Serum vesicles from MM, AL Amyloidosis, and MGUS patients contain FLCs.
  • Vesicles from MM and AL Amyloidosis patients show significantly higher positivity for Hsp70, annexin V, and c-src compared to MGUS and controls.

Conclusions:

  • FLCs can be transported via microvesicles in the bloodstream.
  • This suggests a novel mechanism for FLC dissemination and potential c-src activation in plasma cell dyscrasias.
  • Characterization of FLC-containing vesicles may offer new diagnostic or therapeutic targets.

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