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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Proteins01:30

Membrane Proteins

Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport proteins, and they function as either channels for the material or as carriers themselves. Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids and a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening for solutes to pass through the membrane layers. Passage through the channel allows...
Membrane Proteins01:30

Membrane Proteins

Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport proteins, and they function as either channels for the material or as carriers themselves. Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids and a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening for solutes to pass through the membrane layers. Passage through the channel allows...
Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the anterior...
Introduction to Membrane Proteins01:16

Introduction to Membrane Proteins

The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is an ever-changing landscape. It is described as a fluid mosaic where various macromolecules are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. Among the macromolecules are proteins. The protein content varies across cell types. For example, mitochondrial inner membranes contain ~76% protein content, while myelin contains ~18% protein content. Individual cells contain many types of membrane proteins—red blood cells contain over 50—and different cell types have...
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters01:19

Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters

Enzymes like flippase, floppase, and scramblase transfer phospholipids from one layer to another in the membrane, thereby affecting membrane asymmetry.
Flippase
Eukaryotic flippases are type-IV P-type ATPases or P4-ATPases belonging to P-type ATPase family proteins that are membrane-bound pumps involved in the ATP-mediated transport of ions and molecules across the membrane. Flippases flip specific phospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of a membrane. All P4-ATPases have one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Open-source Single-particle Analysis for Super-resolution Microscopy with VirusMapper
07:38

Open-source Single-particle Analysis for Super-resolution Microscopy with VirusMapper

Published on: April 9, 2017

VirD: a virion display array for profiling functional membrane proteins.

Shaohui Hu1, Yingzhu Feng, Brandon Henson

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.

Analytical Chemistry
|August 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We engineered herpes simplex virions to display human membrane proteins, creating a Virion Display (VirD) Array for high-throughput screening of drugs and ligands.

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Open-source Single-particle Analysis for Super-resolution Microscopy with VirusMapper
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Method to Visualize and Analyze Membrane Interacting Proteins by Transmission Electron Microscopy
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Method to Visualize and Analyze Membrane Interacting Proteins by Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: March 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Membrane proteins are crucial drug targets but challenging to study.
  • High-throughput analysis requires novel display technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel microarray display technology for high-throughput biochemical analysis of human membrane proteins.
  • To engineer herpes simplex virions for displaying functional transmembrane proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered single-pass (CD4) and multiple-pass (GPR77) human transmembrane proteins for display on virions.
  • Utilized herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) virions, incorporating human proteins into the virion envelope.
  • Developed a Virion Display (VirD) Array by printing purified virions onto glass slides.

Main Results:

  • Successfully expressed human transmembrane proteins (CD4, GPR77) in the correct orientation on infected cells and purified virions.
  • Demonstrated that displayed proteins on the VirD Array retained native conformations and interactions, confirmed by antibody, lectin, and ligand binding assays.
  • Verified biochemical functionality of the displayed human membrane proteins.

Conclusions:

  • The novel Virion Display (VirD) Array technology enables high-throughput biochemical analysis of membrane proteins.
  • This platform facilitates screening of ligands and drugs targeting human membrane proteins.
  • The method is scalable and adaptable for various high-content screening applications.