Clinical management of Dysphagia in the developmentally disabled adult

As a member of a dysphagia team, the occupational therapist contributes a major part in both the assessment and treatment of swallowing disorders. Dysphagia referrals for developmentally disabled adults may range from aspiration and chokin to ruminatlon and refusal to eat. Using observations during mealtime, the therapist establishes a baseline for treatment planning. Related variables provide the focus and parameters of treatment. Although medical evaluations such as videoflouroscopy may provide expanded information, they are generally not critical In implementing an effective program. The primary treatment objective, in most cases, is to develop active participation of the individual in the eating process. Most of these adults have never experienced "normal" mature eating patterns and may never achieve this level through treatment. The achievement of a functional level of eating will not only assist in maintaining the person's medical and nutritional status, but will facilitate a more positive mealtime experience.