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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

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Published on: June 29, 2021

Semantic relations differentially impact associative recognition memory: electrophysiological evidence.

Olga Kriukova1, Emma Bridger, Axel Mecklinger

  • 1Experimental Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Psychology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany. olga.kriukova@googlemail.com

Brain and Cognition
|August 15, 2013
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Summary

Semantic relations influence associative recognition memory. Categorical links engage recollection, while thematic links rely more on familiarity, impacting memory retrieval processes.

Keywords:
Associative recognitionEvent-related potentialsFamiliarityRecollectionSemantic relations

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Associative recognition memory is traditionally linked to recollection.
  • Emerging evidence suggests familiarity also plays a role, especially with semantically integrated items.
  • The differential impact of semantic relation types on memory processes remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different semantic relations (categorical vs. thematic) affect associative recognition memory.
  • To differentiate the contributions of familiarity and recollection in associative recognition based on semantic link properties.
  • To utilize event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine neural correlates of these memory processes.

Main Methods:

  • An associative recognition memory experiment was conducted using paired words.
  • Semantic relations between word pairs were manipulated as either categorical or thematic.
  • Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to analyze neural activity during memory retrieval.

Main Results:

  • An early midfrontal old/new effect (associated with familiarity) was present for both categorical and thematic relations.
  • A significant left parietal old/new effect (associated with recollection) was observed exclusively in the categorical condition.
  • These findings suggest differential engagement of memory systems based on the type of semantic relation.

Conclusions:

  • The type of semantic relation significantly modulates the involvement of recollection and familiarity in associative recognition.
  • Thematic relations may rely more on familiarity due to their integrative nature.
  • Categorical relations appear to recruit recollection more strongly, likely due to their similarity-based structure.