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Related Concept Videos

Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

Taste Buds and Receptors

Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment01:26

Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment

Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.     
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is slower than the...

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Related Experiment Videos

Reversible ageusia associated with romidepsin therapy.

Maryann R Cooper1, Sara Brewer, Goran Broketa

  • 1School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, Manchester, NH 03101, USA. maryann.cooper@mcphs.edu

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP : Official Journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
|August 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Romidepsin therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) may cause ageusia, or loss of taste. This taste disturbance resolved with dose modification and discontinuation of romidepsin, suggesting a probable drug association.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a group of malignant neoplasms affecting the skin.
  • Romidepsin is a histone deacetylase inhibitor used in the treatment of CTCL.

Observation:

  • A patient with treatment-refractory CTCL developed a metallic taste during romidepsin therapy.
  • Complete ageusia (loss of taste) occurred during the ninth infusion of romidepsin.
  • The patient experienced a gradual return of taste sensation after reducing romidepsin infusion frequency.

Findings:

  • The Naranjo scale indicated a probable association between romidepsin and the patient's taste disturbances (score of 6).
  • No prior reports linked romidepsin to ageusia.
  • Complete taste recovery was observed upon discontinuation of romidepsin therapy.

Implications:

  • Romidepsin-induced ageusia is a potential adverse effect that can impact patient quality of life.
  • Dose modification and discontinuation of romidepsin may reverse taste disturbances.
  • Awareness of this side effect is crucial for oncologists managing CTCL patients.