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Updated: May 8, 2026

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
Published on: August 30, 2018
A protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial of continuous beta-lactam infusion compared with
Joel M Dulhunty1, Jason A Roberts, Joshua S Davis
1Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Joel_Dulhunty@health.qld.gov.au
Background And Rationale:
Beta-lactam antibiotics are largely administered by bolus dosing, despite displaying time-dependent pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and there being a strong rationale for continuous administration. The randomised controlled trials conducted to date comparing the mode of betalactam administration have been inconclusive and limited by non-equivalent dosing, unblinded administration and small sample sizes.
Objective:
A multicentre, randomised controlled trial (the Beta-lactam Infusion Group [BLING] II study) is currently under way, comparing continuous infusion to standard bolus administration of beta-lactam antibiotics in critically ill patients, independent of dose.
Design, Settings, Participants And Interventions:
BLING II is a Phase IIB, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial recruiting 420 intensive care unit patients with severe sepsis to receive one of three beta-lactam study antibiotics (ticarcillin-clavulanate, piperacillin- tazobactam or meropenem) by either continuous infusion or intermittent bolus administration.
Main Outcome Measures:
The primary outcome is ICUfree days at Day 28. Secondary outcomes include 90-day survival, clinical cure 14 days after study antibiotic cessation, organ failure-free days at Day 14 and duration of bacteraemia.
Results And Conclusions:
The study started in July 2012 and will provide clinical evidence as to whether continuous infusion of beta-lactam antibiotics is superior to intermittent bolus administration in critically ill patients with severe sepsis. A Phase III study powered for a survival end point may be justified, based on the results of our study.
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